| Synonyms |
GS-1278; GS 1278; GS1278; PMPA; Truvada; (R)-PMPA; (R)-9-(2-Phosphonomethoxypropyl)adenine; Apropovir; [[(1R)-2(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-methylethoxy]methyl]phosphonic Acid |
| IUPAC Name |
[(2R)-1-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxymethylphosphonic acid |
| Molecular Weight |
287.21 |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H14N5O4P |
| Canonical SMILES |
CC(CN1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N)OCP(=O)(O)O |
| InChI |
InChI=1S/C9H14N5O4P/c1-6(18-5-19(15,16)17)2-14-4-13-7-8(10)11-3-12-9(7)14/h3-4,6H,2,5H2,1H3,(H2,10,11,12)(H2,15,16,17)/t6-/m1/s1 |
| InChIKey |
SGOIRFVFHAKUTI-ZCFIWIBFSA-N |
| Boiling Point |
616.1±65.0°C (Predicted) |
| Melting Point |
271-282 °C |
| Flash Point |
326.4±34.3 °C |
| Purity |
≥95% |
| Density |
1.79±0.1 g/cm3 (Predicted) |
| Solubility |
Soluble in Aqueous Acid (Sparingly), DMSO (Slightly, Heated), Water (Slightly, Heated) |
| Appearance |
White to Off-White Solid |
| Application |
Antiviral Agents |
| Storage |
Store at -20°C |
| Complexity |
354 |
| Exact Mass |
287.07834094 |
| Index Of Refraction |
1.740 |
| In Vitro |
Tenofovir shows cytotoxic effects on cell viability in HK-2 cells, with IC50 values of 9.21 and 2.77 μM at 48 and 72 h in MTT assay, respectively. Tenofovir diminishes ATP levels in HK-2 cells. Tenofovir (3.0 to 28.8 μM) increases oxidative stress and protein carbonylation in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, Tenofovir induces Apoptosis in HK-2 cells, and that Apoptosis is induced via mitochondrial damage. Tenofovir and M48U1 formulated in 0.25% HEC each inhibits the replication of both R5-tropic HIV-1BaL and X4-tropic HIV-1IIIb in activated PBMCs, and inhibits several laboratory strains and patient-derived HIV-1 isolates. The combined formulation of M48U1 and tenofovir in 0.25% HEC exhibits synergistic antiretroviral activity against infection with R5-tropic HIV-1BaL, and is not toxic to PBMCs. |
| In Vivo |
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (20, 50, 140, or 300 mg/kg) administered to BLT mice, shows dose dependent activity during vaginal HIV challenge in BLT humanized mice. Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (50, 140, 300 mg/kg) significantly reduces HIV transmission in BLT mice. Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (0.5, 1.5, or 5.0 mg/kg/day, p.o.) induces a dose-dependent decline in serum viremia in woodchucks chronically infected with WHV. Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate administration is safe and effective in the woodchuck model of chronic HBV infection. |
| PSA |
146.19000 |
| Target |
Reverse Transcriptase; HIV; HBV |
| Vapor Pressure |
0.0±1.9 mmHg at 25°C |
| XLogP3-AA |
-1.6 |
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